Temporary binder.



C. D. TRUSSELL. TEMPORARY BINDER.

APPLICATION men Amzs. 1913.

Patented Apr. 25, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.-

By Attorneys,

C. D. TRUSSELL.

TEMPORARY BINDER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28, 1913.

Patented]. Apr. 25, 1916. F, j 2 SHEET.S--SHEET 2.

1 INVENTOR z CLARENCE D. TRUSESELL, Oi FOUGHKE I 5 5 OF YrIGUGHK MANUFACTURING- COMPANY, NEW YORK.

TEMPORARY Specification of Letters Patent.

YORK. .-9-.$SIGNOR TG TRUSSELL NEW YORK. A. CORPORATION-0F Patented .linr. 25.1l9lt5.

Applieation filed April 28, 1813. Serial No. M3871.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Cnumxcic l). 'lnrs snLL, a citizen of the l'nited States, resid ing in. P( ill'll(tt175l0. in the count oi llutchess and State of New York. have invented certain new and useful improvements in 'lemporary Binders. of which the 't'ollowing is a specification.

This inventionaims to provide certain improvements in temporary hinders such as are commonly used for lilanl; hooks. account hooks and the like.

The object ol the invention is to provide a simple, strong and attractive constructimi which has certain-other :ulvantages specified more fully hereinaltcr.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an emhodiment of the invention.

Figure l is a perspective of the binding" n'iechanisin attached to the cover and hack of the hook, hat with the leaves omitted. Fin. .2 is a perspective view of the two ring-- carrying plates. Fig. 3 is a tral'isverse section on the line 3-3 oi Fig-pl. Fig. lis similar section with the parts in another position. Fig. I is a longitiulinal section through the hack of the hook and the. hack of the loose leal n'ieclianisni. Fig. (3 is a plan, partly in section, o'l onecnd oi the mechanism. Fig. T a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the end lever for opening the rings. Fig. 9 is a plan, partly hroken zuvaiyol an in termediate part of the mechanism carrying; a pair of intermediate ring-opening levers. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 11 is a transverse section approxiniately on the. line ll-l1 of Fig. 1.

Referring now to the emlmdiment of the invention illustrated, the. hack A and side covers B are made of a single ply integral piece of leather or similar flexible material, as described in my application No. 469,..26, filed llecembei ltl, 1908, Patent No. 1,1Oat, 394, July 21, 1914. This piece of leather is provided with grooves tl extending partly through the thickness of the leather so as to form two weakened lines for the bending or hinging of the flexible covers relatively to the back, these lines extending nearly but not quite to the top and bottom edges of the covers. The loose leaf binding nieehanisrn is then ta'tei'ied upon the inner side of the back between the covers 111 any one have numerous points oi great advantage, as set forth at lengi lh in H1) aforesaid appli' cation.

(inc lealure oi improvement in the present constria'tion is the mode of attaching the loose lea'l landing ineclianiian to such a haclc and covers This is done by providing' a strip 1) of i'lexilile material, such as heavy clotlnwhich is fastened to the mechanism and has its side edges projecting l e \'ond the mechanism and fastened to the leather covers or haclc by lines of stitching l). which may pass through the weakened lines or he located alongside such lines. For greater strength it preferable to use a laoneedle machine tor this stitching. The strip l is a hand oi heavy cloth or the like which passes lietivcen the back plate i of the loose leat mechanism and a. similarl curved landing; plate (1 these two plates i and i being: tastcned to each other near their ends and at other suitable points according to their lengths hy means of tongues ll hent upward from the binding plate (2. and extending: through the strip of cloth l) and through notches in the back plate l of the loose. leat' mechanism, and heat over the latter to clamp the. several parts to n t'her.

The loose leaf mechanism comprises the curved hack plate l of spring" n'iateiial havinn. inwardly hentedges (l and'platcs K carrying the prongs or rings L. The prongs are. fastened to the plates in any suitable way. as for example, in the manner shown in my Patent No. 959,182, and the prongs of each pair are in pivotal engagement at their lower ends, the paites K being located between edges of the spring back plate, so that the pivotal ends of the prongs are always pressed against each other. When the prongs are brought into engagement'at their upper ends the plates K lie in their lowered position, Fig. 3, with their inner edges below the line connecting their upper edges, so that the spring pressure tends to hold them in this position, the contact be rions ways. The foregoing features tween. the upper ends of the prongspreventing' any farther downward movement. W hen. the plates are forcibly lifted, Fig. 4-, to bring their inner edges abovethe line between their outer edges, the spring pressure elf back plate holds them in this position,

carrying plates K further upward movement being prevented by means of projecting tongues M on the edges of the plates. The tongues from one plate project under the opposite plate and thus prevent further upward movement. The arrangement and location of these tongues, and the design of the plates K for permitting attachment of the prongs, and the operating levers hereinafter referred to are shown fully in Fig. 2. In order to improve the appearance of the mechanism and to cover the ends of the same I provide at one end or at each end a piece for closing'the space'between the back plate and the ringcarrying plates. For example, in the construction illustrated, I provide a plain endpiece at one end, and a notched end-piece at the other end, the latter being notched to accommodate an openinglever-hereinafter referred to. Each of these end-pieces'comprises a plate M shaped to extend across the space to be closed, and having a top flange N which extends approximately to the ends of the plates K and which is provided with notches 0 (Fig. 6) adapted to be engaged by similar projections P Y formed in the edges of the curved spring plate. The spring plate F extends beyond the ends of the ringand the flange Not the end piece is gripped between the flanges J of the spring plate, so that as the end piece is inserted the part N, engaging the projections P, forces the-flanges J outward until the recesses 0 come into register with the projections P, whereupon the latter spring into the recesses and lock the parts together, so that the end piece is held in place with an impositive spring lock.

The end-piece at the lower end of the mechanism is formed with a notch P in which is guided an end lever for opening the rings,-the finger'portion only of such lever being extended outward beyond the endpiece N. This end lever, for opening the rings, is shown more fully in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. The lev r has a comparatively broad, inner end portion Q, which bears against the back plate and the upper edge of which forms a' pair of shoulders engaging the under sides of the ring-carrying plates K The lever is then formed with a narrow intermediate portion R which passes upward through notches S in the edges of the plates K, and thence downward through notches T so asto embrace the tongues U which are formed by said notches. The portion R then passes through the guiding notch P in the end-piece M, N, and is preferably broadened again to form the finger-piece V. By the construction describedthe lever is housed or attached to the ring-carrying plates through the tongues U, entering the loop in the intermediate portion R of the lever, and the broad, inner end Q of the lever simply bears against the'back plate with a cumming acthe length of the plates.

tion, as shown by the full and dotted lines in. Fig. 7. The end portion Q, of the lever is curved in such a. way that practically from the beginning to the end of the downward movement of the finger end of the lever the rate of movement of the shoulders which bear against the under side of the. plates K bears a constant relation to the rate of movement of the finger-end V. This result cannot be secured by a simple lever movement because, as is well known, the angle of application of the lever to the work varies and thus the rate at which the load is being moved varies in diilerent positions of the lever. This is a material disadvantage in 30 levers for operating the loose leaf mechanism. It is advantageous to secure, as is done with the lever hereindescribed, a practically constant pressure of the operators finger on the lever throughout the movement 35 oi the latter. Such devices are necessarily limited to a short leverand a short movement. If the lever does not move with an easy action and substantially uniform pressure, the book is apt 'to be condemned; and an easy action cannot be obtained if the pressure required to raise theplates is mostly encountered over only a part of the movement of the finger end of the lever.

Another feature of improvement, which is especially applicable to books of the arger size, is the provision of one or more opening levers at an intermediate point in' In such a position an opening lever gives better results than it located at the end, for the reason that the pressure comes nearer the middle of the plates and therefore is less apt to twist the plates. The finger portion of such an intermediate lever may be located within the space defined by, the inner edges of the leaves, as indicated in Fig.- 11. Such intermediate opening means is preferably provided in addition to the end lever previously described. In the example illustrated tWoN IO levers W W are provided, so located as to be easily pressed with one hand, being gripped between the thumb and finger and pressed toward each other to raise the lates. Each of these levers works on the sand; enoral principle as the end lever. It is imvided with a broad, inner end X bearing against the back plate and having shoulders engaging the under sides of the ring plates K, from which shoulders a narrower portion extends outward through notches in the plates K, and forms the outer finger end. The projecting portions W and W are slightly broadened as at Y beyond the plates K to prevent them from slipping downward 12 through the notches Z in said plates when the plates are raised.- i There are certain purposes for which books-of the divided-ring type are not used, because the holes in the sheets are so much 1 err larger in diameter than the rings that they but after they are placed upon the rings their movement is limited so asto be very slight or to be practically eliminated. For this purpose I provide an alining means adapted to be engaged by the inner edges ol the sheets. In the form illustrated the al-iniug means comprises a pair of plates in of spring metal extending thiwnward between the ring-carrying plates K and having end flanges I) by which they are held in )place. and kept centered while in use, the intermediate portions oi such plates being bent in curves approximately concentric with. the rings Ii and smaller than such rings by a distance substantially equal to the margins c of the leaves (l when the latter are as tar outward from the center as the holes a therein will permit. The aliners a, being of spring metal, are adapted to yield a little, but vthey'will hold with suflici'entiirmncss for practical purposes, and, it will be observed that they are in contact on opposite sides with the edges of the leaves. in Fig. 11 one of the sheets is shown of exaggerated thickness and in ci'osssection so as to indicate the mode of operation. When the rings L are opened there is a large clearance between these rings and the aliners a so that there is no dil'liculty whatever in introducing the sheets. After the sheets are introduced the closing of the rings brings their edges against the aliners and prevents any substantial play of the leaves.

Though I have described with great particularity of detail certain specific embodiments of each of the features of improvement of this invention, yet it is not to be understood therefrom that the invention is restricted to the specific constructions illustrated. Various modificationsthereof in detail and in arrangement and combination of the parts may be made by those skilled in the art without departure from the .1- vent-ion.

l claim as my invention 1.. A temporary hinder including in combination a curved spring back plate, a pair of ring'carrying plates extending between the edges of said back plate, and an end piece closing the space at the end between said back plate and said ring-carrying plates, said end piece being fastened to said back plate with a spring lock. L

A temporary binder including in corn bination av curved back plate, apair of ringcarrying plates extending between the edges of said back plate, and an. end piece closing the space at the end between said back plate and said ring-carrying plates. said back plate extending beyond the ends of said ring-carrying plates and said endpieee having a flange lying between the extended edges of said back plate and said endpiece being fastened to the extended portion of said back plate.

3. A temporary binder included in. combination a back plate, a pair of ring-carrying plates extending between the edges of said back plate and adapted to be raised or lowered to open or close said rings, and a lever for raising said ring-carrying plates, said lever having an inner end portion hearing against said back plate and engaging the under sides'ot' said. ring-carrying plates and having an intermediate portion engaging the inner edges of said plates and having anouter end portion. forming a finger-piece.

l. A temporary binder including in combination a back plate, a pair of ring-carrying plates exteni'ling between the edges oi. said back plate and adapted to be raised or lowered to open or close said rings, and a. lever :ior raising said riiigcarrying plates, comprising a wide inner end portion Q. hearing against the back plate, and the upper edge of which forms shoulders engaging the under side. of the ring-carrying plates, a

narrow intermediate portion lt passing upward through notches in the edgesoi said ring-carrying plates, and a finger end at the outer end of said intermediate portion.

A temporary binder including in combination a back plate, a pair of ring-carr ving plates extending between the edges of said back plate and adapted to be raised or lowered to open or close said rings, and a lever for raising said ring-carrying plates,

' said lever being located in the space between two of the rings and adapted to be within the. space defined by the inner edges of the leaves.

(3. A temporary binder including in combination a back plate, a pair of. ring-carrying plates extending between the edges of said back plate and adapted to he raised or lowered to open or close said rings, and a. pair of levers for raising said .ring carrying piates, said levers being so located to be easily pressed with one hand, and said levers being adapted to ra se said plates by moving one in one direcjon and the other in the opposite direction.

' 7. A temporary binder including in comhination rings adapted for carrying perforated sheets, wig-carrying plates hinged at their outer edges and adapted to be raised or lowered at their inner edges to open or close said rings, and alining inc-ans adapted to be engaged by the inner edges of such sheets to limit the movemen thereof on the rings when the latter. are closed, said alining means comprising plates passing between and bent in curves approximately concent-rlc with the. nngs.

8. In a nng bmder 1n comblnatmn, movable ring-carrying plates, a back plate and an aliner engaged by sand ring-carrying plates and. having flanges adapted to bear on said back plate for holding it'centrally when the rings are closed. 

